Państwowy Instytut Weterynaryjny - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy

    • Zaloguj
    Zobacz pozycję 
    •   Strona główna Repozytorium
    • PIWet - PIB
    • Publikacje
    • Zobacz pozycję
    •   Strona główna Repozytorium
    • PIWet - PIB
    • Publikacje
    • Zobacz pozycję
    JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

    Opportunistic Features of Non-Clostridium botulinum Strains Containing bont Gene Cluster

    Pathogens

    Thumbnail
    Oglądaj/Open
    pathogens-13-00780-v2.pdf (1.230MB)
    Data
    2024
    Autor
    Grenda, Tomasz
    Grenda, Anna
    Jakubczyk, Anna
    Rybczyńska-Tkaczyk, Kamila
    Metadane
    Pokaż pełny rekord
    Streszczenie
    The cluster of genes determining the production of botulinum toxins is an attribute of not only the Clostridium botulinum species. This cluster is also found in other members of the Clostridium genus, such as C. baratii, C. butyricum, and C. sporogenes. The occurrence of a botulinum-like cluster has also been recorded in strains of other genera, i.e., Enterococcus faecium, as well as in a Gram-negative species isolated from freshwater sediments; however, the biological activity of bont-related genes has not been noted. It can be said that the mentioned species have a dual nature. Another species with a dual nature is C. butyricum. This bacterium is a common human and animal gut commensal bacterium and is also frequently found in the environment. Although non-toxigenic strains are currently used as probiotics in Asia, other strains have been implicated in pathological conditions, such as botulism in infants or necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm neonates. Additionally, C. baratii strains are rare opportunistic pathogens associated with botulism intoxication. They have been isolated from food and soil and can be carried asymptomatically or cause botulism outbreaks in animals and humans. In addition to the mentioned clostridia, the other microorganisms considered as non-toxigenic have also been suspected of carrying botulinum cluster Gram-negative bacteria, such as Chryseobacterium piperi isolated from freshwater sediments; however, the biological activity of bont-related genes has not been noted. Additionally, Enterococcus faecium strains have been discovered carrying BoNT-related clusters (BoNT/En). Literature data regarding the heterogeneity of BoNT-producing strains indicate the requirement to reclassify C. botulinum species and other microorganisms able to produce BoNTs or possess botulinum-like gene clusters. This article aims to show the dual nature of Clostridium strains not belonging to the C. botulinum species that are sporadically able to carry bont clusters, which are usually considered saprophytic and even probiotic, and bont-like clusters in microorganisms from other genera. The aim was also to consider the genetic mechanisms of botulinum cluster expression in strains that are considered opportunistic and the microbiological safety aspects associated with their occurrence in the environment.
    URI
    https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/13/9/780
    Zbiory
    • Publikacje [643]

    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
    Kontakt z nami | Wyślij uwagi
    Theme by 
    Atmire NV
     

     

    Przeglądaj

    Całe RepozytoriumZbiory i kolekcjeDaty wydaniaAutorzyTytułyTematyTa kolekcjaDaty wydaniaAutorzyTytułyTematy

    Moje konto

    Zaloguj

    Statystyki

    Przejrzyj statystyki użycia

    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
    Kontakt z nami | Wyślij uwagi
    Theme by 
    Atmire NV